India is home to an estimated 97,700 children living with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The increase in diabetes cases among children and adolescents is a growing concern, not just in India but worldwide. This not only affects the health of our young ones but also has long-term implications for our society. Diagnosing and managing diabetes in children and teens comes with its own set of challenges.

The Rising Problem: While type 1 diabetes is more common among kids, we’re witnessing a surge in type 2 diabetes cases, especially in some ethnic groups. But that’s not all; there are less common types of diabetes that require precise identification for the right treatment. A detailed patient history and physical examination help with diagnosis, but specific tests may be needed to confirm it.

Challenges in Management: Managing diabetes in children and adolescents is often tricky due to age-specific issues and the more aggressive nature of the disease. But we can make things easier.

Involving Everyone: A patient-centred approach is key. Parents, peers, teachers, and the patient themselves all play a role in managing diabetes. When everyone is informed and involved, it’s easier to maintain good control and prevent long-term complications.

Understanding the Issue: The rise in diabetes among young people is a major concern. The key types of diabetes in children are type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes usually appears during childhood and adolescence. It’s caused by the immune system destroying insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. While its incidence varies worldwide, genetics and environmental factors play a significant role.

Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is more closely linked to lifestyle and is becoming more common in young people. Unhealthy and improper diets and sedentary lifestyles contribute to the problem.

The Genetic Factor: For both types, genetics play a role. Some genes increase the risk of diabetes, and this risk can vary among different populations. However, the increase in diabetes cases is mostly due to unhealthy environments.

Solutions: To tackle these challenges, we must raise awareness about diabetes among children and adolescents. It’s crucial to promote a healthy lifestyle from a young age. Schools, parents, and healthcare providers can work together to encourage regular physical activity and balanced diets.

Additionally, regular check-ups can help in early diagnosis and management. With proper education and support, children and teens with diabetes can lead healthy lives. They can learn to manage their condition and reduce the risk of complications.

Diabetes in children and adolescents is on the rise, but with a patient-centred approach, awareness, and a focus on prevention, we can make it easier for our young ones to manage their health and lead happy lives.